- A headcount (enumeration) by the U.S. Census Bureau of every person living in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories (Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands).
- Mandated by the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 2, Clause 3).
- Conducted every 10 years since 1790.
2020 Census - U.S. Census Bureau