Skip to Main Content

SPE 103-002 - Tim Curtis - Spring 2024

What do APA Citations Look Like?

Two essential ways to use citations in your paper are shown below There are two parts for most citations: an in-text citation in your paper or presentation slide and a full citation on your References page or slide.

Article #1

  • In-Text Citation in your paper for a direct quote from the article.
    • The author wrote,"Developmental research has shown that preschoolers are able to infer power from nonverbal features" (Charafeddine et al., 2020).
       
  • Full Citation on your References page or slide
    • Charafeddine, R., Zambrana, I. M., Triniol, B., Mercier, H., Clément, F., Kaufmann, L....Van der Henst, J.-B. (2020). How Preschoolers Associate Power with Gender in Male-Female Interactions: A Cross-Cultural Investigation. Sex Roles, 83(7/8), 453–473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-019-01116-x

Article #2

  • In-Text Citation in your paper for a paraphrase of information from the article.
    • Parents often push sons to work in STEM careers but don't encourage their daughters in the same way ("Early Gender Gaps," 2015).     
        (Use the first few words of the article title when there is no author information)
       
  • Full Citation on your References page or slide
    • Early gender gaps drive career choices and employment opportunities. (2015). Education Journal, 227, 19.


You can find more information on APA citations from the Purdue OWL online citation guide.  And the Oakton Librarians are also glad to answer your questions about citations in person or with the Library online chat Ask Library.

Citations in a Power Point Presentation

How Do I Use APA Citations in a PowerPoint Presentation?

  • To cite sources in a slide presentation, include brief citations on each slide that includes material from your sources. Cite quotations, summaries and paraphrases, images, or data.
  • Include a References list on a slide at the end of your presentation.
  • You may want to provide your list of sources to your audience, either through a URL,QR code, or a printed copy that you hand out in your presentation.

 

Smart Student. (2021, July 25). Citing and referencing in PowerPoint presentations [Video]. YouTube.https://youtu.be/lTXt6U7A118?si=DeKFORLM5kCuzwqi

Your List of Sources and Citations - the APA References Page

When you are finishing your research paper, it's important to gather up all of your sources and make a list of complete citations for each source.

The list of citations has a specific title in APA style.

  • References

Citation lists use the following rules:

  • Start your list of citations on a new page
  • Center the title - References - at the top of your citation list
  • Arrange the citations in alphabetical order by the last name of the author
  •         or, if there is no author, by the first major word in the title.
  • Double space the information in the list
  • Use a hanging indent for each entry
  • Do not number items in the list of citations

The hanging indent formatting process is the same for APA and MLA.  Just remember to use the page title References for APA papers.

Rebecca Crown. (2020, April 30). Hanging Indent [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/ZGNU5C0Z8qg?si=rX1-P0RzslJ7M7sQ

APA and Citing AI

Timothy McAdoo gives the following advice on the APA Style Center Blog

If you’ve used ChatGPT or other AI tools in your research, describe how you used the tool in your Method section or in a comparable section of your paper. For literature reviews or other types of essays or response or reaction papers, you might describe how you used the tool in your introduction. In your text, provide the prompt you used and then any portion of the relevant text that was generated in response.

Here is one example with an in-text and a Reference page full citation in APA style.

In-Text Citation

When prompted with “Is the left brain right brain divide real or a metaphor?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that although the two brain hemispheres are somewhat specialized, “the notation that people can be characterized as ‘left-brained’ or ‘right-brained’ is considered to be an oversimplification and a popular myth” (OpenAI, 2023).

References

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

 

McAdoo, Timothy. (2023, April 7). How to cite ChatGPT.  APA Style Blog.  https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/how-to-cite-chatgpt

 

Click the link below for more details and examples of APA citations for AI.